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Active Matrix is an LCD design which has a transistor in each subpixel.
Aperture Ratio is the light-transmitting area of a subpixel divided by its screen area (SubpixelPitch x RowPitch).
CCFT means Cold Cathode Fluorescent Tube, a synonym for CFL.
CFL means Cold Fluorescent Light. Backlights for TFC and TMC modules are CFL tubes shining through the edge of a diffuser.
Contrast Ratio is the brightness of an all-white area divided by the brightness of an all black area.
Controller IC is not a part of the LCD module, but is typically connected to the LCD signals by the customer, to facilitate the design of his product.
Diffuser means a flat sheet of white plastic which emits even light over the surface when lighted by a CFL tube on one or two edges.
Dithering is a method which a controller can use to produce a gray scale by using multiple pixels in an area. For example, a checkerboard of black and white pixels will appear to be gray to the human eye.
Driver ICs are integral components of the LCD. They are mounted on edges of the module and they control the subpixels by switching rows and columns on or off.
FRM abbreviates Frame Rate Modulation, which is a method a controller can use to achieve a gray scale by rapidly switching subpixels on and off.
LED means Light Emitting Diode and is another light generation technology.
LED Frontlight allows a reflective display to be used at night, by lighting the edges of a front mounted, transparent diffuser.
Nematic describes a liquid crystal material whose elongated molecules rest parallel to each other but are not in layers. Another adjective, Cholesteric describes a liquid crystal material whose elongated molecules are in layers, where they are parallel to each other and parallel to the layer. Smectic describes a liquid crystal material whose elongated molecules in layers and oriented perpendicular to the layer.
Nit is an abreviation for the measure of brightness properly called candela per meter square (cd/m²).
Passive Matrix is an LCD design which does not have a transistor in each subpixel. Subpixels are switched entirely by row and column driver ICs.
Pixel is a logical dot on a display, which can be driven to any of the specified colors. It is composed of 3 subpixels colored red, green and blue.
Portrait QVGA means a format of 240 pixels across by 320 rows high.
QVGA means a format of 320 pixels across by 240 rows high. Derived from Quarter VGA.
Reflective LCD modules selectively reflect subpixels of incident light through the liquid crystal cells, back to the viewer. They do not have backlights, which greatly reduces their power requirement.
RFC means Reflective Color LCD module.
RGB is an abbreviation for Red, Green, Blue which are the component colors of white light.
STN is used as an abbreviation for passive matrix. It is derived from Super Twisted Nematic which describes the liquid crystal molecular arrangement.
Strike Voltage is another name for Starting Discharge Voltage, the voltage necessary to initially light a CFL.
Subpixel is the individually controlled element of an LCD display. The color filter makes it appear red, green or blue.
SVGA means a format of 800 pixels across by 480 rows high. Derived from Super VGA.
TFC means Transflective Color LCD module.
TFT is commonly used as an abreviation for Active Matrix LCD Displays and is derived from Thin Film Transistor.
TMC means Transmissive Color LCD module.
Transmissive LCD modules selectively transmit subpixels of backlight through the liquid crystal cells to the viewer. They are best at indoor light levels or nightime.
Transflective LCD modules combine the features of TMC and RFC. Each subpixel is both reflective and transmissive. They are readable in any ambient light.
VGA often means a format of 640 pixels across by 480 rows high. It originally meant a Video Graphics Adapter board found on early personal computers, whose output was an analog RGB signal on a 15 pin connector, to drive a computer's monitor in a 640x480 format.
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